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Oral Bisphosphonates (certain Calcium Meds)Double the risk of Cancer

Posted on 2010-09-03 03:10:44

A study published lately in the BMJ shows doubled risk of Throat and Esophagus Cancer with medications such as Fosalan, Actonel etc. taken over an average of 5 years period. This 8 year study contradicts the results of a 4 year  study published in the JAMA that showed no correlation between Bisphosphonates and cancer.

Oral bisphosphonates and risk of cancer of oesophagus, stomach, and colorectum: case-control analysis within a UK primary care cohort

  1. Jane Green, clinical epidemiologist1,
  2. Gabriela Czanner, statistician1,
  3. Gillian Reeves, statistical epidemiologist1,
  4. Joanna Watson, epidemiologist1,
  5. Lesley Wise, manager, Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Intelligence Unit2,
  6. Valerie Beral, professor of cancer epidemiology1

+Author Affiliations

  1. 1Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF
  2. 2Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, Pharmacoepidemiology Research Unit, London SW8 5NQ
  1. Correspondence to: J Green jane.green@ceu.ox.ac.uk
  • Accepted 23 June 2010

Abstract

Objective To examine the hypothesis that risk of oesophageal, but not of gastric or colorectal, cancer is increased in users of oral bisphosphonates.

Design Nested case-control analysis within a primary care cohort of about 6 million people in the UK, with prospectively recorded information on prescribing of bisphosphonates.

Setting UK General Practice Research Database cohort.

Participants Men and women aged 40 years or over—2954 with oesophageal cancer, 2018 with gastric cancer, and 10 641 with colorectal cancer, diagnosed in 1995-2005; five controls per case matched for age, sex, general practice, and observation time.

Main outcome measures Relative risks for incident invasive cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, and colorectum, adjusted for smoking, alcohol, and body mass index.

Results The incidence of oesophageal cancer was increased in people with one or more previous prescriptions for oral bisphosphonates compared with those with no such prescriptions (relative risk 1.30, 95% confidence interval 1.02 to1.66; P=0.02). Risk of oesophageal cancer was significantly higher for 10 or more prescriptions (1.93, 1.37 to 2.70) than for one to nine prescriptions (0.93, 0.66 to 1.31) (P for heterogeneity=0.002), and for use for over 3 years (on average, about 5 years: relative risk v no prescription, 2.24, 1.47 to 3.43). Risk of oesophageal cancer did not differ significantly by bisphosphonate type, and risk in those with 10 or more bisphosphonate prescriptions did not vary by age, sex, smoking, alcohol intake, or body mass index; by diagnosis of osteoporosis, fracture, or upper gastrointestinal disease; or by prescription of acid suppressants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or corticosteroids. Cancers of the stomach and colorectum were not associated with prescription of bisphosphonate: relative risks for one or more versus no prescriptions were 0.87 (0.64 to 1.19) and 0.87 (0.77 to 1.00). The specificity of the association for oesophageal cancer argues against methodological problems in the selection of cases and controls or in the analysis.

Conclusions The risk of oesophageal cancer increased with 10 or more prescriptions for oral bisphosphonates and with prescriptions over about a five year period. In Europe and North America, the incidence of oesophageal cancer at age 60-79 is typically 1 per 1000 population over five years, and this is estimated to increase to about 2 per 1000 with five years’ use of oral bisphosphonates.

Read the full article:  http://www.bmj.com/content/341/bmj.c4444.full 

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The Future of Human-Machine Interphase

Posted on 2010-08-23 16:46:37

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Tips to Help You Sleep Soundly

Posted on 2010-08-05 18:00:16

Tips to Help You Sleep Soundly

It's important to understand that sleeping is as individual an event as exercising, eating right or deciding what to wear every day. Our society makes you think that if you have any old mattress and a pillow, and time to sleep, everything will take care of itself. Not true. Here are a few suggestions on how to make your sleep more individualized and restful.

Your Mattress: Most people buy a new mattress when their old one "wears out," meaning it's tattered, torn, excessively stained and/or otherwise unappealing to sleep on. Generally, it is not a good idea to keep a mattress longer than 10-15 years due to the wear and tear you put it through. Depending on the quality, it may last longer or shorter. Going to a store and lying on a mattress for a few minutes is not enough time to make a decision on something you will have to lie on for years to come. You need to test it out in a real sleep environment to make sure you can experience deep, rejuvenating sleep for years. After all, why pay good money to end up tossing and turning every night?

Sleep Position: OK, so you've picked out your "perfect" mattress; now how do you sleep on it? From a health perspective, the best position for sleep is on your back with a pillow under your knees. The pillow should be comfortable for you and help take pressure off the small of your back. The second-best position is on your side with a pillow between your knees. The pillow between the knees must be thick enough to keep your thighs hip-width apart. On your side also means you need a supportive pillow.

The most undesirable position for sleeping is on your stomach. This is because you need to turn your head to either side in order to breathe and this can cause neck pain

Your Pillow: Think about how you like to sleep before you choose your pillow. People who sleep on their back need a thinner pillow than those who sleep on their side. There are so many pillows to choose from, but the best advice to you is to take your current pillow to your chiropractor and let them analyze it for you.

Remember, poor sleep, particularly if it becomes chronic, could be a sign of an underlying medical condition, so talk to your doctor if you're having trouble sleeping so they can help determine what's causing it and then do something about it! After all, you deserve a good night's sleep, and you deserve it every night, not just occasionally.

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Top Health and Fitness Myths

The first truth, albeit a regrettable one, when it comes to health and fitness is that if there is a dollar to be made, someone will step up to the plate and act as if they are an expert. That's why we're inundated with infomercials touting weight-loss products, fitness equipment and other products "guaranteed" to fulfill our health and fitness needs. But are the claims supported by fact? Let's take a look at some of the more common health and fitness myths:

The Longer You Exercise, the Better Your Results. Many people think that the longer they exercise, the more weight they will lose. The reality is that in most cases, the more you exercise, the more you stimulate your body to burn fat. That's good, but it also increases production of a hormone called cortisol, which often causes your body to store more fat as fuel for the next time you work out. The key to optimizing weight loss is to exercise for approximately 45 minutes per session. If you want to exercise more during a day, that's OK, but divide up your workouts so you only work out for 45 minutes at a time.

Eat Less Food = Lose More Weight. While in general this is true over time, many people think that if they essentially quit eating (eat only a few meals a day, or eat very little) they will lose weight. The body senses the lack of food, digestion slows down and the body holds on to fat. To lose weight effectively, don't stop eating; eat smaller meals more often to optimize your metabolism. That way, your body will burn more fat instead of storing it; in fact, it will burn fat even when you're not exercising!

Exercising on an Empty Stomach Helps You Lose Weight. When to eat and what to eat around your workout is simple. If you are trying to lose weight, eat more carbohydrates and fats when you can burn them. Your meals should have more protein if you are not working out for a while. Your ratio of protein to carbs to fat should be about 40 percent to 55 percent to 5 percent two hours before and two hours after a workout; for other times, the ratio should switch to 55 percent protein, 40 percent carbs and 5 percent fat. It is also best to avoiding eating 4-5 hours before you go to bed.

When it comes to health and fitness, stick to the basics, use common sense, and keep it fun and simple. That's the most important advice I can give you. Too many people think it is too complicated to exercise or eat right. It's not unless you make it complicated. Eat a balanced diet, work up a good sweat when you exercise, and you'll do just fine. And remember, discuss your health and fitness goals with your doctor; they can help design the fitness program that's right for you - and help dispel more of the myths of health and fitness.

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Is Your Hospital Causing Infections?

Birth is probably one of the few events that makes a hospital visit enjoyable, at least after the baby is born. With that said, if you conducted a survey, you'd likely discover that the majority considers a hospital one of the most reassuring places to go when there's something wrong; after all, surrounded by doctors, nurses and all types of equipment, is there any better place to be if your health is in question?

Not so fast. According to a recent study, thousands die each year from preventable – yes, preventable – hospital infections. By "hospital infections," we mean you acquired the infection while in the hospital; it wasn't your reason for going there in the first place, and it wasn't an inevitable consequence of your condition. The study, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine earlier this year, suggests 48,000 Americans (a conservative estimate, according to the study authors) die annually from hospital-acquired infections, most of which are attributable to the use of ventilators and catheters.

If you think there's nothing that can be done, consider that according to Dr. Peter Pronovost, a researcher at Johns Hopkins, these infections can be all but eliminated with simple hygiene measures and a hospital-wide team approach. One can only hope hospitals nationwide are doing everything in their power to make sure 48,000 deaths become zero deaths as soon as possible.


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Replacing White Rice with Brown Rice or Other Whole Grains May Reduce Diabetes Risk

Posted on 2010-06-18 03:51:59

In a study published online on June 14, 2010, on the website of the journal Archives of Internal Medicine, Harvard School of Public Health researchers (HSPH) have found that eating five or more servings of white rice per week was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In contrast, eating two or more servings of brown rice per week was associated with a lower risk of the disease. The researchers estimated that replacing 50 grams of white rice (just one third of a typical daily serving) with the same amount of brown rice would lower risk of type 2 diabetes by 16%. The same replacement with other whole grains, such as whole wheat and barley, was associated with a 36% reduced risk.

http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/2010-releases/white-rice-brown-rice-whole-grains-diabetes.html

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Harvard study shows possible connection between pesticides and ADHD

Posted on 2010-06-11 10:22:35

Harvard study shows possible connection between pesticides and ADHD
by Tripp Underwood

apples_growing_224x300.jpgstudy published in the latest issue of Pediatrics takes a closer look at the relation between the ingestion of certain pesticides and cases of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children. Children’s Hospital Boston’s  Robert Wright, MD, MPH, and David Bellinger, PhD were co-authors on the study.

“Research shows the number of cases of ADHD is rising in the country, but it’s not very clear why,” says Wright. “One potential cause of this could be the chemicals we’ve introduced into our environments over the years at higher and higher rates, including pesticides.”

 By analyzing the urine of its test subjects for traces of specific phosphates often found in pesticides, and comparing the data with ADHD information provided by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the study concluded that children with higher levels of dialkyl phosphate in their systems were more likely to be diagnosed as having ADHD.

Dialkyl phosphates are generally found in organophosphates— a key ingredient in various pesticides used in North America. Though organophosphates are found in pesticides for multiple uses, kids are most likely to come in contact with them by eating fruits or vegetables that have been treated with the chemicals during growth.

While the findings should be of interest to parents, the authors of the study say their work thus far only proves an association between ADHD and traces of dialkyl phosphate, not a direct cause and effect relationship. They recommend further study be done on the subject to see if any kind of direct causal correlation between ADHD diagnoses and pesticide ingestion can be proven.

wash_your_veggies1_300x300.jpgIn the meantime parents are urged to avoid house hold pesticides in areas where their kids spend a lot of time, and if possible, buy organic fruits and vegetables that are guaranteed not to have been exposed to organophosphates. Of course for many parents 100 percent organic produce isn’t an option, so moms and dads should always thoroughly wash their store bought fruits and veggies prior to giving them to the kids.

“We don’t want to discourage anyone from feeding their kids fruits and vegetables,” says Wright. “It just puts more weight on the importance of washing fruits and vegetables more thoroughly before serving them to rinse any unwanted residue off.”

Wright says he plans to continue his research studying the relationship between ADHD and pesticides, and that programs at the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences are also looking at similar data because of the potential threat these chemicals may pose to children.  

“We need to be cautious when considering the harm and benefits of using so many pesticides,” says Wright. “Obviously the benefits are we’re going to grow more food cost effectively, but if we’re not careful these chemicals can be toxic to humans as well as insects. We need to be mindful of that so we don’t inadvertently expose children to undo risks.”


Tagged as: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Dialkyl phosphates, organophosphates

 

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